In recent years, an increasing number of Americans have been exploring the prospect of moving abroad. Living overseas offers numerous benefits, ranging from cultural enrichment to professional growth, lower living costs, favorable tax regimes, and more affordable healthcare. However, a successful move abroad requires careful planning and research into visa requirements, cost of living, international schooling (for those with families) and more. Below, we highlight the easiest destinations for Americans to settle abroad.
Key Considerations Before Moving Overseas
Moving overseas requires researching visas (depending on your circumstances, you may qualify for a work permit, retirement visa, or digital nomad visa), cost of living vs. expected salary, language or cultural barriers, and standards of healthcare and education. Some visa types also require you to take out private health insurance. You can get an instant quote from our insurance partner here.
Europe: Rich Culture & High Standards of Living
Portugal
Portugal has become one of the top destinations for American expats, thanks to its safety (ranked 7th in the Global Peace Index 2024), affordable healthcare, and vibrant culture. English is widely spoken, particularly in urban areas, making it easy to integrate.
As well as sponsored work visas, Portugal offers several long-term visas that don’t require a job in Portugal:
- Golden Visa: A residency-by-investment program for those investing in real estate, business, or funds.
- D7 Visa: Ideal for retirees or individuals with passive income, this visa provides residency without requiring employment.
- Digital Nomad Visa: Tailored for remote workers with a steady income, allowing them to live and work in Portugal.
Spain
Spain stands out as a prime destination for expats seeking a combination of vibrant culture, excellent weather, and family-friendly life.
“Moving to Spain as an American expat was straightforward and fast: I applied for a TEFL [Teaching English as a Foreign Language] course and then a student visa, which was granted within a few weeks,” says Caitlin Galer-Unti, expat and founder of vegan travel blog, The Vegan Word.
In addition to standard visa types such as work visas and student visas, Spain has the following options for Americans who want to live in Spain without working for a Spanish employer:
- Non-Lucrative Visa: Ideal for retirees or those with sufficient passive income, this visa allows residency without employment. Applicants must demonstrate financial self-sufficiency and access to private health insurance.
- Entrepreneur Visa: Aimed at business owners and innovators, this is for those looking to start or invest in a business in Spain.
Italy
Italy is a dream destination for many expats, offering a lifestyle rich in history, art, and culinary traditions.
Italy offers Americans several long-term visas apart from work permits:
- Elective Residency Visa: This visa is tailored for retirees or those with independent financial means.
- Self-Employment Visa: Designed for freelancers, consultants, and business owners, this visa supports individuals seeking to work independently in Italy.
Germany
Germany is a top destination for expats seeking professional growth, high living standards, and efficient infrastructure. English is also widely spoken.
Germany offers several visa pathways for professionals and families:
- Blue Card: Designed for academic professionals and IT professionals, the Blue Card offers a streamlined path to permanent residency.
- D-Visa: This visa is aimed at self-employed individuals and those looking to start a business in Germany.
Asia: Emerging Hubs for Expats
Singapore
Thanks to its tax-friendly policies and robust economy, Singapore is a leading destination for professionals and families seeking a blend of career growth, exceptional living standards, and safety.
Singapore provides the following flexible visa options for long-term stays:
- Employment Pass: For professionals earning a monthly salary of at least SGD 4,500 (higher for certain industries), sponsored by a Singapore-based employer.
- Entrepreneur Pass: Tailored for startup founders and investors, this visa is ideal for those looking to establish or manage businesses in Singapore.
Thailand
Thailand has emerged as a favorite destination for expats seeking a mix of affordability, a tropical climate, and vibrant living.
Thailand offers a few different visa options tailored to different lifestyles:
- Elite Visa: Designed for high earners, this visa provides residency for 5-20 years based on membership fees, along with perks such as airport services and concierge support.
- Retirement Visa: For retirees aged 50 or older, the long-term residency visa requires proof of financial stability, such as a fixed deposit or pension.
Japan
Japan is a standout destination for expats seeking modern and efficient infrastructure, a rich cultural heritage, a low crime rate, and beautiful landscapes.
Visa Options
Japan provides various visa options for long-term stays:
- Work Visas: Designed for professionals in sectors such as IT, education, and healthcare. These require a job offer from a Japanese employer.
- Highly Skilled Professional Visa: A point-based system for individuals with advanced degrees, professional experience, or high income, offering fast-track residency.
Latin America: Accessible and Vibrant Options
Mexico
Mexico is an appealing destination for American expats, offering proximity to the U.S., affordability, a warm climate, and a rich cultural heritage.
Mexico offers flexible residency options:
- Temporary Residency Visa: Valid for up to four years, ideal for those looking to explore life in Mexico before committing to permanent residency. Applicants must meet financial requirements or prove income.
- Permanent Residency Visa: For long-term settlers, this visa eliminates the need for renewal and allows unrestricted stays. It’s available to retirees and those with long-standing temporary residency.
Costa Rica
Costa Rica is renowned for its “Pura Vida” philosophy, a way of life that embraces simplicity, well-being, and a deep connection to nature, making it a top choice for expats seeking a peaceful, eco-friendly environment and a warm, welcoming culture.
Costa Rica offers these options for long-term stays in addition to sponsored work visas:
- Rentista Visa: Designed for individuals with a steady passive income or financial stability, requiring proof of $2,500 monthly income or a $60,000 deposit in a Costa Rican bank.
- Pensionado Visa: Tailored for retirees, this visa requires proof of at least $1,000 monthly income from a pension or retirement fund.
Panama
With its stable U.S.-dollar-based economy, business-friendly environment, and tropical climate, Panama attracts retirees, professionals, and families alike.
Panama provides straightforward residency options for expats:
- Friendly Nations Visa: Tailored for citizens of over 50 nations, including the U.S., this visa offers a fast track to residency for those investing in Panama or obtaining employment there.
- Retiree Visa: Known as the Pensionado Visa, this is one of the best retirement programs globally, offering residency to retirees with a monthly pension of at least $1,000. It includes discounts on healthcare, travel, and utilities.
The Caribbean – Luxury and Simplicity
Bahamas
The Bahamas is a prime destination for expats seeking luxury, gorgeous beaches, convenience, and a laid-back island lifestyle.
The Bahamas offers these visa options for long-term residency:
- Permanent Residency via Investment: Expats can obtain permanent residency by investing at least $750,000 in real estate. Higher investments may qualify for expedited processing.
- Work Permits: For professionals seeking employment, work permits are available, sponsored by a Bahamian employer.
Barbados
Barbados is a Caribbean gem offering flexible options for expats seeking a balance of work, relaxation, pristine beaches, and a welcoming culture.
Barbados introduced the Welcome Stamp in 2020, a 12-month remote work visa for individuals earning at least $50,000 annually. This program allows expats to live and work in Barbados while enjoying its stunning environment and high quality of life. Renewals are possible, making it ideal for long-term stays.
Other Emerging Destinations
Dubai (UAE)
Dubai has emerged as a global hub for professionals and families seeking tax-free income, ultramodern lifestyle, and unparalleled luxury.
Dubai offers attractive visa options for expats:
- Golden Visa: This long-term residency visa is available for investors, entrepreneurs, highly skilled professionals, and exceptional talents. It provides a renewable 5- or 10-year residency without the need for a local sponsor.
- Freelance Permits: Tailored for remote workers and independent contractors, these permits allow expats to live and work in Dubai.
New Zealand
New Zealand is a top choice for expats seeking stunning natural landscapes, a relaxed outdoor lifestyle, and a welcoming community.
New Zealand provides several pathways for long-term residency:
- Work-to-Residence Visa: This visa allows skilled professionals to work in New Zealand, with the opportunity to apply for permanent residency after two years.
- Skilled Migrant Visa: Designed for individuals with in-demand skills, this visa grants residency based on qualifications, work experience, and a job offer in New Zealand.
Considerations Before Moving Abroad
Understanding Tax Implications and Financial Planning
For Americans moving abroad, understanding the complexities of taxation and financial planning is crucial. U.S. citizens are taxed on their worldwide income, regardless of where they live, making compliance with the IRS an ongoing responsibility. However, several mechanisms can help mitigate double taxation, such as tax treaties between the U.S. and other countries, which outline specific agreements on how income is taxed to avoid overlap. Additionally, the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE) allows eligible expats to exclude a portion of their foreign income from U.S. taxes, and the Foreign Tax Credit provides credits for taxes paid to a foreign government.
Given the complexities of U.S. expat taxation, it is strongly recommended to consult a tax professional with expertise in international finance. They can guide you on reporting obligations, FBAR filings for foreign accounts, and compliance strategies, ensuring financial peace of mind in your new home.
Navigating Healthcare Options Abroad
Access to quality healthcare is a crucial consideration for expats planning a long-term move abroad. Popular expat destinations often provide a mix of public and private healthcare systems, each with distinct advantages and challenges. In countries like Germany and Singapore, public healthcare systems are renowned for their efficiency and accessibility, often included in residency or work permit benefits. However, these may require participation in national insurance schemes and could involve waiting times for non-emergency care.
Private healthcare, while costlier, offers shorter wait times and access to specialized services, making it a preferred choice for many expats. Countries such as Thailand and Mexico are known for affordable yet high-quality private hospitals that attract medical tourists. Expats should consider purchasing private health insurance tailored to international needs, as it often covers services not included in public plans and provides access to a broader network of facilities.
Additionally, medical evacuation insurance is a smart precaution, especially in remote locations or countries with limited advanced care. This coverage ensures that in a medical emergency, you can be transported to a facility offering the necessary treatment, even if it’s in another country. You can get a free international healthcare quote from our partner here.
Cost of Living Comparisons
Understanding the cost of living in your chosen destination is key to budgeting effectively as an expat. Costs can vary significantly between countries, regions, and cities, so it’s important to analyze the major expenses: housing, food, utilities, and transportation.
In Europe, cities like Lisbon and Madrid offer relatively affordable housing compared to urban centers like Paris or London. Similarly, food and dining costs are lower in countries like Spain and Portugal, where local markets and regional cuisine are budget-friendly.
Asia provides diverse options, from Singapore’s higher living costs, where monthly utilities average $150–$200, to Thailand, where similar services can be under $50. Transportation costs in countries like Japan, with its efficient public systems, are often lower than maintaining a car in places like Dubai, where driving is the norm.
Latin America and the Caribbean generally offer lower overall costs. In Mexico, a meal at a mid-range restaurant may cost $10–$15, while utilities average $70–$100 per month. Meanwhile, Panama provides affordable public transport but higher real estate prices in urban hubs like Panama City.
To plan effectively, use budgeting tools like Numbeo or Expatistan to compare costs across cities.
Moving abroad requires careful preparation to ensure a seamless transition. As well as consulting government websites, you can find our full list of country guides in our Destinations menu.
Financial planning is critical. Understand the tax implications of your move, including any obligations to the IRS, and be sure to budget for private health insurance, housing, and potential currency fluctuations.
Finally, prepare for reverse culture shock if you plan to return to the U.S. in the future. Stay connected to your roots through regular communication with friends and family, or by following news and cultural trends.